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BPH

DEFINISI BPH
Hipertropi prostat adalah pertumbuhan dari nodula-nodula pibro adenomatosa majemuk dalam prostat jaringan hyperplastik terdiri dari kelenjar stroma fibrosa yang jumlahnya berbeda-beda. (Sylvia Andersom Price, 1994)

Hypertropi prostat adalah hiperplasia dari kelenjar periureter sehingga kelenjar ini mendesak kelenjar prosrat sehingga lama-lama menjadi gepeng disebut sebagai kapsul prostat (Purnawan Junadi, 1982).

ETIOLOGI BPH
Penyebab secara pasti belum diketahui, dikarenakan hypertropi prostat merupkan gangguan yang sering terjadi di usia tua. Faktor yang mempercepat terjadinya hipertropi9 prostat adalah : diet, pengaruh dari inflamasi kronik, sosial ekonomi, herediter.

ANATOMI FISIOLOGI
Kelenjar proatat adalah suatu jaringan fibromuskular dan kelenjar grandular yang melingkari urethra bagian proksimal yang terdiri dari kelnjar majemuk, saluran-saluran dan otot polos terletak di bawah kandung kemih dan melekat pada dinding kandung kemih dengan ukuran panjang : 3-4 cm dan lebar : 4,4 cm, tebal : 2,6 cm dan sebesar biji kenari, pembesaran pada prostat akan membendung uretra dan dapat menyebabkan retensi urine, kelenjar prostat terdiri dari lobus posterior lateral, anterior dan lobus medial, kelenjar prostat berguna untuk melindungi spermatozoa terhadap tekanan yang ada uretra dan vagina. Serta menambah cairan alkalis pada cairan seminalis.

TANDA DAN GEJALA BPH
  • Hilangnya kekuatan pancaran saat miksi (bak tidak lampias)
  • Kesulitan dalam mengosongkan kandung kemih
  • Rasa nyerisaat memulai miksi
  • Adanya urine yang bercampur darah (hematuri)
  • Berdasrkan stadium

KOMPLIKASI
  1. Aterosclerosis
  2. Infark jantung
  3. Impoten
  4. Haemoragik post operasi
  5. Fistula
  6. Striktur pasca operasi & inconentia urine.

PENATALAKSANAAN
  1. Non Operatif
    • Pembesaran hormon estrogen & progesteron
      • Massase prostat, anjurkan sering masturbasi
    • Anjurkan tidak minum banyak pada waktu yang pendek
    • Cegah minum obat antikolinergik, antihistamin & dengostan
    • Pemasangan kateter.
  2. Operatif
    Indikasi : terjadi pelebaran kandung kemih dan urine sisa 750ml
    • TUR (Trans Uretral Resection)
    • STP (Suprobic Transersal Prostatectomy)
    • Retropubic Extravesical Prostatectomy)
    • Prostatectomy Perineal.
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